Nearly every nation has a constitution that defines the rules and guidelines for policy making, with the individual as the central entity, and the greater good of society and the world, at large, as broader goals. How individuals rights and freedoms are safeguarded reflects how the nation's rights and freedoms are safeguarded. Policies are to be framed, not to protect the businesses of the wealthy and the economically powerful, even though they are large contributors to the funds that run governments and the election campaigns of political parties. Policies are to be framed for the people, who are still the biggest contributors to government funds, mainly through the payment of taxes. Policies are to be framed, specifically, for the protection of the rights and freedoms of those who need the protection i.e. the economically poor, the ethnic minorities, the indigenous communities who are the original inhabitants of the land, the old, the weak, the sick, children, women and all other demographics whose rights and freedoms are threatened, and at risk of being bulldozed by the powerful majority who obviously include the big businesses and the politicians elected by them. Equally importantly, policies are to be framed to protect the environment including land, water and air. This also means all the animals, plants, birds, insects and life forms that exist in the nation. Anything that causes a collapse to the web of life, essentially, is a failure of the policies in protecting and safeguarding the nation and the larger planet that it is a part of.
The reality of this world today is that governments that fulfill its most important function are mostly non-existent or an utopian dream. The reality is that a politician is most likely to win an election if he or she has more funds than the competition, funds that can be used to coerce, buy or manipulate the voters and the opposition. These funds are most often provided by powerful business lobbies like the petrochemical, arms, pharmaceutical, medical, food and beverage, mining, construction, real estate, alcohol and tobacco industries. These lobbies do not provide funds to politicians and political parties through altruistic motives, such as the future and well being of the individual, the nation and the world. Instead they have specific goals, mainly, the strengthening of their particular industries and the removal of all barriers and threats that come in its way. Most often, these barriers and threats are minorities, small farmers, indigenous communities, the poor, weak, elderly, children, nature and all other demographics that the politician, and the policies framed by him, is supposed to protect.
The cannabis plant is one of the biggest direct victims of this nexus between the politician, the policies framed, and powerful industry lobbies that view the cannabis plant as a threat. Through the action taken against the cannabis plant, the indirect victims are all the above mentioned demographics, whose protection is the key responsibility of politics and policies. What started as a political crime in the colonies of Britain, specifically India, Trinidad, Egypt. and Burma, (or today's Myanmar) in the 19th century, took hold in the US and Canada in the 1930s, and spread throughout the world, as the big industries spread their tentacles, and seduced and bought over politicians wherever they went. In many cases, the politicians themselves were the big businessmen, directly owning the businesses. We reached the stage, within the next 70 years or so, where politicians and big businesses had effectively neutralized the direct victim, cannabis, worldwide and, along with it, large numbers of people, indirectly. In the course of suppressing cannabis, the big businesses, politicians, and the policies framed, have also succeeded in bringing about, what we now commonly refer to as, the Anthropocene, or the sixth mass extinction of life on Earth through destruction of the environment i.e a catastrophic collapse of the web of life. From this perspective, we can say that politics have failed humans miserably in its main function, the protection of the rights and freedoms of the individual and the constitution and the lives on this planet.
Like the movements of the yin and yang, the suppression of the plant and humans for decades, worldwide, has now created enough energy for movements to start mushrooming everywhere at the grassroots level, like the fresh tendrils of spring, for the legalization of cannabis. What began as sparks here and there, in places such as California, Colorado, Washington, the Netherlands, Jamaica, is now blooming into national movements. Countries, like Uruguay and Canada, appear to have woken up to the will of the people. There are rumblings in South Africa, Mexico, Lebanon, Ghana, Colombia, Spain, France, Italy, Israel, Germany, New Zealand, in fact, in an increasing number of countries as each day goes by. The US, the biggest perpetrator of the negative cycle of cannabis prohibition on a global scale, is now seeing unprecedented support for the plant. At least 35 US states have legalized cannabis for medical use treating over 30 medical conditions. The federal US government however continues to keep cannabis in the Schedule 1 list of banned substances saying that it has no medicinal value. The list of US states that have legalized adult recreational cannabis is available here. All these states have legalized cannabis for adult recreational use, aimed specifically at improving public health, ensuring equity, reducing crime, decreasing the black market, improving law enforcement, reforming criminal justice, improving the economy, agriculture and industry, to name just a few reasons. Polls show as much as 81% of the adult US population supporting legalization of the plant in some form. The support is so overwhelming that in many places a person's stance in terms of cannabis legalization is a key factor that determines whether he or she gets elected or not.
The UN remains the central seat of global politics with regard to cannabis. Cannabis was, until recently, in the Schedule 4 list of banned substances, with the most potential for harm, and no medicinal value, based on the 1961 Single Convention Treaty on Narcotic Drugs and the 1971 Psychotropic Drugs Act. In December 2020, the UN voted to remove cannabis from its most restricted Schedule IV category of the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. It does, however, still remain in Schedule I, making the de-classification meaningless. While this highly medicinal and safe recreational herb remains in international control, alcohol and tobacco remain legal, and methamphetamine, heroin and other opioids are increasingly accessible to the world's population, when all they want is legal access to cannabis.
The reality of this world today is that governments that fulfill its most important function are mostly non-existent or an utopian dream. The reality is that a politician is most likely to win an election if he or she has more funds than the competition, funds that can be used to coerce, buy or manipulate the voters and the opposition. These funds are most often provided by powerful business lobbies like the petrochemical, arms, pharmaceutical, medical, food and beverage, mining, construction, real estate, alcohol and tobacco industries. These lobbies do not provide funds to politicians and political parties through altruistic motives, such as the future and well being of the individual, the nation and the world. Instead they have specific goals, mainly, the strengthening of their particular industries and the removal of all barriers and threats that come in its way. Most often, these barriers and threats are minorities, small farmers, indigenous communities, the poor, weak, elderly, children, nature and all other demographics that the politician, and the policies framed by him, is supposed to protect.
The cannabis plant is one of the biggest direct victims of this nexus between the politician, the policies framed, and powerful industry lobbies that view the cannabis plant as a threat. Through the action taken against the cannabis plant, the indirect victims are all the above mentioned demographics, whose protection is the key responsibility of politics and policies. What started as a political crime in the colonies of Britain, specifically India, Trinidad, Egypt. and Burma, (or today's Myanmar) in the 19th century, took hold in the US and Canada in the 1930s, and spread throughout the world, as the big industries spread their tentacles, and seduced and bought over politicians wherever they went. In many cases, the politicians themselves were the big businessmen, directly owning the businesses. We reached the stage, within the next 70 years or so, where politicians and big businesses had effectively neutralized the direct victim, cannabis, worldwide and, along with it, large numbers of people, indirectly. In the course of suppressing cannabis, the big businesses, politicians, and the policies framed, have also succeeded in bringing about, what we now commonly refer to as, the Anthropocene, or the sixth mass extinction of life on Earth through destruction of the environment i.e a catastrophic collapse of the web of life. From this perspective, we can say that politics have failed humans miserably in its main function, the protection of the rights and freedoms of the individual and the constitution and the lives on this planet.
Like the movements of the yin and yang, the suppression of the plant and humans for decades, worldwide, has now created enough energy for movements to start mushrooming everywhere at the grassroots level, like the fresh tendrils of spring, for the legalization of cannabis. What began as sparks here and there, in places such as California, Colorado, Washington, the Netherlands, Jamaica, is now blooming into national movements. Countries, like Uruguay and Canada, appear to have woken up to the will of the people. There are rumblings in South Africa, Mexico, Lebanon, Ghana, Colombia, Spain, France, Italy, Israel, Germany, New Zealand, in fact, in an increasing number of countries as each day goes by. The US, the biggest perpetrator of the negative cycle of cannabis prohibition on a global scale, is now seeing unprecedented support for the plant. At least 35 US states have legalized cannabis for medical use treating over 30 medical conditions. The federal US government however continues to keep cannabis in the Schedule 1 list of banned substances saying that it has no medicinal value. The list of US states that have legalized adult recreational cannabis is available here. All these states have legalized cannabis for adult recreational use, aimed specifically at improving public health, ensuring equity, reducing crime, decreasing the black market, improving law enforcement, reforming criminal justice, improving the economy, agriculture and industry, to name just a few reasons. Polls show as much as 81% of the adult US population supporting legalization of the plant in some form. The support is so overwhelming that in many places a person's stance in terms of cannabis legalization is a key factor that determines whether he or she gets elected or not.
The UN remains the central seat of global politics with regard to cannabis. Cannabis was, until recently, in the Schedule 4 list of banned substances, with the most potential for harm, and no medicinal value, based on the 1961 Single Convention Treaty on Narcotic Drugs and the 1971 Psychotropic Drugs Act. In December 2020, the UN voted to remove cannabis from its most restricted Schedule IV category of the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. It does, however, still remain in Schedule I, making the de-classification meaningless. While this highly medicinal and safe recreational herb remains in international control, alcohol and tobacco remain legal, and methamphetamine, heroin and other opioids are increasingly accessible to the world's population, when all they want is legal access to cannabis.
The key countries trying to retain cannabis in the UN's scheduled lists are, not surprisingly, the ones that figure in the largest economies of the world, built on the very industries opposed to cannabis, the US, China, Japan, Germany, Russia, France, Britain, the petrochemical nations of the Middle East and around the world, the countries with giant pharmaceutical companies, and the countries that produce heroin and supply it across the world. The countries that seem to be pushing for legalization appear to be Uruguay, the Scandinavian countries like Norway, Caribbean countries, South Africa, Luxembourg, Switzerland and Mexico. Even among the countries that appear to be pushing for legalization, their stance is still not very clear, as they dither between cannabis legalization and cannabis prohibition. European nations like France, Spain, Italy, UK, Denmark and the Netherlands, as well as Israel in the Middle East, appear to be ambiguous in their stance. They seem to have thriving cannabis usage internally, either as medical or illegal recreational cannabis, serving primarily the elites, but they are eager to back prohibition on the international stage, supporting their big businesses, thus being complicit to the crimes against cannabis. In fact, this ambiguous stance seems to be the case with the majority of governments, silently watching the crimes against cannabis, its communities and the planet while taking money on the side from the big businesses.
The following set of articles taken from various news media and journals regarding politics and policy making aims to provide a high level overview of the politics of cannabis.
Words in italics are yours truly's thoughts and comments at the time of reading the article.
Three countries where the people there definitely look like they need cannabis legalization...Russia, South Korea, Japan...
'The Russian embassy isn't mincing words about legalization, accusing Canada on Twitter of "weakening the international legal drug control framework."
South Korea went even further, warning its citizens not to smoke up while on holiday: "Even if you are in a cannabis legalization area, you will be penalized for committing a criminal offence."
Japan warns tourists they should observe Japanese laws even while travelling.'
https://bc.ctvnews.ca/cannabis-tourists-could-be-charged-despite-legalization-1.4150335
'Many EU countries now allow, or are considering allowing, the medical use of cannabis or cannabinoids in some form', states the report. But approaches vary widely between countries, both in terms of the products permitted and the regulatory frameworks governing their provision. Understanding this variety of national approaches is important for an informed policy debate in this area in the EU.'
http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/news/2018/9/emcdda-publishes-first-report-medical-use-of-cannabis_en
'It began with then-U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions sending waves of uncertainty and fear over the cannabis industry and legalization supporters on January 4, when he formally rescinded Obama-era guidelines protecting state marijuana laws. But as 2018 went on, even more states ended up changing their laws to allow for legal recreational or medical cannabis use despite the conflict with federal law. Efforts to end national prohibition in Congress picked up steam as well. And several nations moved to significantly overhaul their marijuana laws.'
https://www.forbes.com/sites/tomangell/2018/12/06/marijuanas-ten-biggest-victories-of-2018/#1191de2732df
'Blackfeet Agency Superintendent Thedis Crowe of the BIA rejected the Blackfeet Tribal Council's legalization of medical marijuana, which is aligned with Montana law.
After passing the legalization ordinance unanimously and getting the tribal court and Blackfeet law enforcement on board, the council submitted the law to the BIA in October.'
https://www.greatfallstribune.com/story/news/2018/12/05/feds-try-squash-blackfeet-medical-marijuana-legalization/2219964002/
Cannabis wins big at the ballot box, shake-up at the Department of Justice and the rescission of the Cole Memo, Congressional banking and 280E bills gain record co-sponsorship, Canada implements adult-use cannabis laws, NCIA’s 8th Annual Cannabis Industry Lobby Days...
https://thecannabisindustry.org/top-five-memorable-marijuana-moments-in-2018/
My recommendations in addition to what's in the report - Remove marijuana from Schedule 1 list in the US. If the US believes in involving itself in anti-narcotic activities in Colombia, then support legalization of marijuana in Colombia, help build up marijuana as an alternate crop for farmers in Colombia and support trade of marijuana crop from Colombia..
'The U.S. government has invested over $10 billion in counternarcotics and security efforts in Colombia since 1999. Security has improved but cocaine production has more than tripled from 2013 through 2017. The U.S. counternarcotics approach in Colombia includes disrupting drug trafficking, destroying coca crops, and supporting alternative livelihoods for coca farmers. We found the State Department has not comprehensively reviewed this approach. Such a review could help State ensure U.S. agencies are pursuing the mix of activities with the greatest likelihood of long-term success.'
https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-19-106
'2018 marked the historic legalization of recreational marijuana in Canada, the end of hemp prohibition in the United States and huge wins on Election Day for state-legal cannabis and medical marijuana initiatives across the U.S.Take a look back through our slideshow presentation at these and other crucial marijuana business stories that broke this year.'
https://mjbizdaily.com/year-in-review-2018-cannabis/
'Late last month, Congress passed one of the most significant bills in recent memory: the 2018 Farm Bill. In addition to mandating a number of boilerplate provisions(such as expanded farm subsidies), the new law legalizes hemp for the first time in half a century; yet, the devil is in the details as to the effects on the market.
What does the passage mean for hemp consumers and farmers alike?
Here are five key takeaways'
https://newfrontierdata.com/marijuana-insights/recap-making-profitable-hay-from-passage-of-the-farm-bill/
**A “personal dose” can vary per jurisdiction'
https://newfrontierdata.com/marijuana-insights/legal-cannabis-in-europe/
'The rescheduling of cannabis products would accelerate the pace of global cannabis reform. Currently, more than 60 countries allow for some form of legalized medical, adult-use, or industrial cannabis production or research activities. Countries which have previously resisted reform efforts for fear of international repercussions would be encouraged toward developing domestic cannabis industries and expanding international trade between newly opened markets.'
https://newfrontierdata.com/marijuana-insights/how-alleged-who-recommendations-would-affect-international-cannabis-markets/
'The resolution “calls on Member States to allow doctors to make free use of their professional judgement in prescribing regulatory-approved cannabis-based medicines to patients with relevant conditions, and to allow pharmacists to lawfully honour those prescriptions.”
It also pushes countries to “improve equal access to cannabis-based medicines and to ensure that, where allowed, medicines which are effective in treating specific conditions are covered by health insurance schemes in the same way as other medicines” and to “provide a safe and equal choice for patients between different types of cannabis-based medicine, while ensuring that patients are accompanied by specialised medical professionals during their treatment.”'
https://www.marijuanamoment.net/european-parliament-approves-medical-marijuana-resolution/
On Feb. 11, 2019, the ICA held its inaugural symposium (in collaboration with CannaTech), bringing together top government officials from Panama, Colombia, Mexico, Paraguay, Chile, Argentina, and others to explore the impact and opportunities created by the regional legalization of cannabis. With nearly 17 million potential medical cannabis patients, Latin American nations are beyond asking why they should legalize, and are now struggling to understand how best to do so'
https://newfrontierdata.com/marijuana-insights/17-million-potential-cannabis-patients-in-latin-america/
There seems to be a pattern where states and nations with the most restrictive anti-cannabis laws are the ones facing serious drug related health and social crises from opioids, synthetic cannabinoids, meth-amphetamine, prescription drug overuse, etc. When legalization of cannabis has not destroyed society in places where it has been implemented, why are these restrictive places not willing to try the legalization of cannabis as a harm reduction alternative measure? Is it because of a lack of awareness of the pros and cons of the various drugs or is there a deeper malaise in the form of networks benefiting from the situation, networks that have individuals in various key decision making capacities at various levels of society? What do these restrictive societies stand to lose from cannabis legalization and specifically who are the people who stand to lose?
States and countries that have legalized marijuana appear more open to reforming outdated policies and seem to have a more evolved mindset. They exhibit more religious, social and cultural acceptance and tolerance compared to the states and countries that are yet to legalize.
'A study recently published in the journal Contemporary Drug Problems offers some answers. Researchers looked at each state’s marijuana laws and analyzed their political, demographic, economic and social characteristics to identify various trends associated with legalization.
Specifically, they wanted to know whether there were statistically significant differences among states that were early or late adopters of medical cannabis laws or adult-use legalization as compared to non-legal states. The results indicate that differences do exist, often in ways that might not be apparent at first glance.'
https://www.marijuanamoment.net/states-with-more-immigrants-are-more-likely-to-legalize-marijuana-study-finds/
'The graphic novelist Box Brown looks at the government report that anticipated our current debates about the legalization of weed.'
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/29/books/review/nixon-report-marijuana-legalization.html
Studies conducted at the state level show that expanding access to medical marijuana is correlated with lower rates of opioid misuse and overdose. Yet studies of individuals show that using medical cannabis is correlated with higher rates of using and misusing opioids. This set of conflicting research has revealed less about the relationship between marijuana and opioids than it has about how science is misunderstood and misused in political debates.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2018/04/20/does-medical-marijuana-decrease-opioid-use-or-boost-it/
'The Commission examines the scientific evidence of the impact of drug-control policies on public health. It concludes that drug policies intended to protect people, but based on prohibition and criminalisation, have had detrimental effects on public health in multiple ways and have undermined people's right to health.'
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(16)30115-5/fulltext
Was the system of drug and alcohol controls established worth it is a question to ponder over today..the number of deaths from the subsequent wars makes one think that gun and war control instead of drug control would have resulted in lesser casualties and damage worldwide. State interference in an individual's personal health choices in the name of society's well being sometimes hides the politician and businessman's real agenda of acquiring more resources, wealth and power..
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(14)62234-0/fulltext
“Fix broken societies”, he says, “and you would fix most of the world's drug problems”. Instead of doing this “politicians have essentially used drugs as a scapegoat to dodge their responsibilities to social improvement”, contends Hart. “If you have the simplistic view that drugs are the problem, you don't have to think anymore. You don't have to think about racial segregation, or certain groups being unfairly targeted.”
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(14)60778-9/fulltext
'It is time to accept that for many people the use of drugs plays an important and functional part in their lives. For many, the risk related to their use lies within inherent personal and social vulnerabilities and the way they use the drug. Given current laws, policies to reduce harm from drug use need to be pragmatic and receptive to the evidence. Governments need to promote honest conversations about drug use and harm and avoid selectively listening to evidence that supports pre-existing ideological or political positions.'
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(18)31075-4/fulltext
'What is clear from Berridge's historical analysis is that logic and evidence of harm play only a minor part compared with political and business interests and how fashionable drugs are in different elements of society. This explains why some drugs, notably alcohol and tobacco, are still legal when less harmful substances such as cannabis are forcibly controlled. Berridge argues that in reality the only significant “scientific” impact on the whole field has been in the purification of drugs such as cocaine and opioids. Much more important has been the development of technologies that make drugs more rapidly active or easily available, such as the hypodermic syringe and the mass production of cigarettes through machine rolling.'
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(14)60138-0/fulltext
'During the 1980s, there was a slow expansion in bilateral “cooperation” on the drug issue focused on marijuana eradication; meanwhile, Colombia became the world’s main cocaine producer and trafficker. Between 1989 and 1998, deep institutionalization occurred with the adoption of the United States Omnibus Anti-Drug Abuse Act (this altered and expanded the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 between the countries). After permitting a range of U.S.-sponsored antidrug measures, in 1998 counterinsurgency policies were incorporated, as there was strong evidence to show the involvement of revolutionary groups such as FARC in the trade. Colombia now produces more than 50% of the heroin sold in the United States, and the drug business still incorporates illegal drug manufacturing, smuggling, international marketing, and drug money and asset laundering (Crandall, 2008; Guáqueta, 2005; Mann, 2002; Thoumi, 2005).'
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2158244015596792
'Another reason support for marijuana may be here to stay is that it seems that these opinions have become part of a larger belief that control of one’s own body is a human right. While marijuana concerns what one puts into one’s body, other important social issues concern the body as well: abortion (who controls women’s bodies?), euthanasia (should people be allowed to let their own bodies die?), and sex (should we legislate what people do with their bodies in their own bedrooms?). '
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1536504214558223
http://yourshot.nationalgeographic.com/tags/marijuana_march/
Legalize homegrowing of marijuana worldwide so that at a minimum one plant can be grown per adult individual per year for personal consumption as a human right...no licenses, no permits...all these things can be put in place for persons wanting to do business through the plant...as I write this I can't help but think how bizarre the current situation is that governments worldwide have put people into...imagine having to take government permission to grow a turmeric plant or to have sex...Fornication Under Consent of the King...
'With the proposed rule changes, the European Parliament aims to unify laws inside each member country and create a global policy. The proposal reflects an understanding of the increasing interest in medical cannabis and how a regulated industry could benefit member nations. The proposal specifically aims to curb the illicit marijuana market, control points of sale, add barriers to underage use, and provide safe access for medical patients.'
https://www.marijuana.com/news/2018/09/european-parliament-working-to-make-medical-marijuana-available-on-the-continent/
Governments the world over continue to keep the ganja away from people and instead offer tobacco, alcohol and prescription drugs as alternatives while they pursue war games and economic power for themselves...
The politician has a very long way to go before he gets to represent me. First he needs to display goal oriented behavior and results in the following key performance areas (not in any particular order and not exhaustive) before I even consider making him my representative
Eight month study shows legalisation policies do not result in wider use, and the US should be watched with interest. Eleven countries studied, one inescapable conclusion – the drug laws don’t work
A good way to get a country to legalize ganja would be for its immediate neighbor to legalize. There is usually such competition between neighboring countries that the idea that one's immediate neighbor may stand to gain immensely from legalization could be a very good motivation for one's own country to legalize. Keeping up with the Joneses i mean the Mary Janes..Canada/USA, Australia/New Zealand, England/Germany, Israel/Iran, China/Japan, North Korea/South Korea...hey Pakistan, I think you guys should legalize because that would surely wake up India too...it's the
perfect healthy competition and a win-win for all...gun competition is so uncool...not to mention fatal for the majority...
“There's a considerable disconnect between public understanding of how the process works, and how political decisions may have an effect on them,” Shackelford says. “The work I can do in Israel, it could take years to do that here in the US, and neither I nor my patients have that kind of time. The public loses out on medicines that could alleviate or even cure their illnesses because of politicians who have stances out of step with reality. This isn’t something we discovered in the Amazon a month and a half ago; cannabis has been a mainstay of Western medicine from the beginning.” Young people in the US overwhelmingly support legalized marijuana and may force the issue as their electoral clout grows in the years to come. Anecdotal evidence grows daily about both the scope of cannabis production — free market economics driving increases in quality and variety — and its effectiveness against various ailments, further reinforcing public support for the plant.
And this is before considering the environmental benefits of hemp for industrial and consumer purposes, also the subject of global research but facing roadblocks in the US.
India is ranked something like 130th in the Human Capital Index...
“There is a correlation between the countries that most disagree with the legalization of marijuana and their level of human development. The most conservative, such as Bolivia, Peru and El Salvador have a lower level of development. They are also countries where illegal drug trafficking is a big problem. The more liberal nations, such as Uruguay and Chile, reached a better level,” according to the researchers.
Tata, Birla, Ambani, Adani, Murthy???
"The administration would be better suited working with members of Congress to reform outdated sentencing laws," the statement reads. "However well-intentioned these laws were upon implementation, they have ruined lives, torn apart families and communities, and have burdened taxpayers, doing little to keep people safe."
'Drug policy reform isn’t likely to end with marijuana legalization—and if you’re wondering what the next step in the broader movement could be, it’s worth looking into psilocybin, the active ingredient in “magic mushrooms.”'
https://www.marijuanamoment.net/legalizing-psilocybin-could-be-the-next-frontier-in-drug-policy-reform-after-marijuana/
'To me, the simpler the approach to ganja legalization, the better it is. The simplest approach would be for lawmakers to say that ganja is now legal, law enforcers to release the persons imprisoned for it, stop directing legal resources towards it, let the plant grow naturally, let people experiment with it and re-establish their relationship with it. No curbs, restrictions, regulations. Like a river whose dams are removed, let the plant take its natural course. Everything will balance out in the best possible way as it should in the course of time.
'Michigan and New Jersey are on track to become the latest states to legalize recreational marijuana, potentially bringing in millions of dollars in tax revenue. Still, some lawmakers and advocates say the states are leaving money on the table.'
https://www.cnbc.com/2018/11/30/michigan-nj-turn-to-marijuana-for-tax-revenue-but-theyre-not-charging-enough.html
'There’s broad support among many lawmakers for legalization, but figuring out the details of the regulations and tax rules for the drug will be challenging. This is fourth hearing on the topic held by the Assembly.'
https://apnews.com/8473622686ff4861952ec713850acc82
'True to 2018 form, many lawmakers broadcast their views on the issue on Twitter. Here are some of the year’s best marijuana-related tweets from the people who are actually responsible for setting cannabis policy:'
https://www.marijuanamoment.net/15-of-the-best-marijuana-related-tweets-from-politicians-in-2018/
Related articles
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https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2017/10/marijuana-legalization.html
Thoughts on draft legal cannabis policy in India
https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2017/10/thoughts-on-draft-legal-marijuana-policy.html
Ganja Economics for India
https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2017/10/ganja-economics-for-india.html
Recreation is Medicine with cannabis
https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2017/12/recreation-is-medicine.html
Some reasons to legalize cannabis
https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2018/07/some-reasons-to-legalize-ganja.html
Cannabis and the Environment
https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2018/10/cannabis-and-environment.html
Cannabis as an Agricultural Crop
https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2018/10/cannabis-as-agricultural-crop.html
Cannabis as Medicine
https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2018/10/cannabis-as-medicine.html
Cannabis for Recreational Purposes
https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2018/10/cannabis-for-recreational-purposes.html
Cannabis and Research
https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2018/10/cannabis-and-research.html
The Business of Cannabis
https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2018/10/the-business-of-cannabis.html
The Economics of Cannabis
https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2018/10/the-economics-of-cannabis.html
The Legality of Cannabis
https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2018/10/the-legality-of-cannabis.html
The Social Usage of Cannabis
https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2018/10/the-social-usage-of-cannabis.html
No medicinal value?
https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2019/02/no-medicinal-value.html
Cannabis and Youth
https://ravingkoshy.blogspot.com/2019/03/cannabis-and-youth.html
Words in italics are yours truly's thoughts and comments at the time of reading the article.
Three countries where the people there definitely look like they need cannabis legalization...Russia, South Korea, Japan...
'The Russian embassy isn't mincing words about legalization, accusing Canada on Twitter of "weakening the international legal drug control framework."
South Korea went even further, warning its citizens not to smoke up while on holiday: "Even if you are in a cannabis legalization area, you will be penalized for committing a criminal offence."
Japan warns tourists they should observe Japanese laws even while travelling.'
https://bc.ctvnews.ca/cannabis-tourists-could-be-charged-despite-legalization-1.4150335
'Many EU countries now allow, or are considering allowing, the medical use of cannabis or cannabinoids in some form', states the report. But approaches vary widely between countries, both in terms of the products permitted and the regulatory frameworks governing their provision. Understanding this variety of national approaches is important for an informed policy debate in this area in the EU.'
http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/news/2018/9/emcdda-publishes-first-report-medical-use-of-cannabis_en
'It began with then-U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions sending waves of uncertainty and fear over the cannabis industry and legalization supporters on January 4, when he formally rescinded Obama-era guidelines protecting state marijuana laws. But as 2018 went on, even more states ended up changing their laws to allow for legal recreational or medical cannabis use despite the conflict with federal law. Efforts to end national prohibition in Congress picked up steam as well. And several nations moved to significantly overhaul their marijuana laws.'
https://www.forbes.com/sites/tomangell/2018/12/06/marijuanas-ten-biggest-victories-of-2018/#1191de2732df
'Blackfeet Agency Superintendent Thedis Crowe of the BIA rejected the Blackfeet Tribal Council's legalization of medical marijuana, which is aligned with Montana law.
After passing the legalization ordinance unanimously and getting the tribal court and Blackfeet law enforcement on board, the council submitted the law to the BIA in October.'
https://www.greatfallstribune.com/story/news/2018/12/05/feds-try-squash-blackfeet-medical-marijuana-legalization/2219964002/
Cannabis wins big at the ballot box, shake-up at the Department of Justice and the rescission of the Cole Memo, Congressional banking and 280E bills gain record co-sponsorship, Canada implements adult-use cannabis laws, NCIA’s 8th Annual Cannabis Industry Lobby Days...
https://thecannabisindustry.org/top-five-memorable-marijuana-moments-in-2018/
My recommendations in addition to what's in the report - Remove marijuana from Schedule 1 list in the US. If the US believes in involving itself in anti-narcotic activities in Colombia, then support legalization of marijuana in Colombia, help build up marijuana as an alternate crop for farmers in Colombia and support trade of marijuana crop from Colombia..
'The U.S. government has invested over $10 billion in counternarcotics and security efforts in Colombia since 1999. Security has improved but cocaine production has more than tripled from 2013 through 2017. The U.S. counternarcotics approach in Colombia includes disrupting drug trafficking, destroying coca crops, and supporting alternative livelihoods for coca farmers. We found the State Department has not comprehensively reviewed this approach. Such a review could help State ensure U.S. agencies are pursuing the mix of activities with the greatest likelihood of long-term success.'
https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-19-106
'2018 marked the historic legalization of recreational marijuana in Canada, the end of hemp prohibition in the United States and huge wins on Election Day for state-legal cannabis and medical marijuana initiatives across the U.S.Take a look back through our slideshow presentation at these and other crucial marijuana business stories that broke this year.'
https://mjbizdaily.com/year-in-review-2018-cannabis/
'Late last month, Congress passed one of the most significant bills in recent memory: the 2018 Farm Bill. In addition to mandating a number of boilerplate provisions(such as expanded farm subsidies), the new law legalizes hemp for the first time in half a century; yet, the devil is in the details as to the effects on the market.
What does the passage mean for hemp consumers and farmers alike?
Here are five key takeaways'
https://newfrontierdata.com/marijuana-insights/recap-making-profitable-hay-from-passage-of-the-farm-bill/
- 29 European countries have legalized* medical cannabis in some form.
- 20 of those have decriminalized possession or consumption of personal doses** of cannabis.
- While Spain and the Netherlands permit personal cannabis use in coffee shops and social consumption clubs, in Europe only Georgia has fully legalized it for adult use.
**A “personal dose” can vary per jurisdiction'
https://newfrontierdata.com/marijuana-insights/legal-cannabis-in-europe/
'The rescheduling of cannabis products would accelerate the pace of global cannabis reform. Currently, more than 60 countries allow for some form of legalized medical, adult-use, or industrial cannabis production or research activities. Countries which have previously resisted reform efforts for fear of international repercussions would be encouraged toward developing domestic cannabis industries and expanding international trade between newly opened markets.'
https://newfrontierdata.com/marijuana-insights/how-alleged-who-recommendations-would-affect-international-cannabis-markets/
'The resolution “calls on Member States to allow doctors to make free use of their professional judgement in prescribing regulatory-approved cannabis-based medicines to patients with relevant conditions, and to allow pharmacists to lawfully honour those prescriptions.”
It also pushes countries to “improve equal access to cannabis-based medicines and to ensure that, where allowed, medicines which are effective in treating specific conditions are covered by health insurance schemes in the same way as other medicines” and to “provide a safe and equal choice for patients between different types of cannabis-based medicine, while ensuring that patients are accompanied by specialised medical professionals during their treatment.”'
https://www.marijuanamoment.net/european-parliament-approves-medical-marijuana-resolution/
On Feb. 11, 2019, the ICA held its inaugural symposium (in collaboration with CannaTech), bringing together top government officials from Panama, Colombia, Mexico, Paraguay, Chile, Argentina, and others to explore the impact and opportunities created by the regional legalization of cannabis. With nearly 17 million potential medical cannabis patients, Latin American nations are beyond asking why they should legalize, and are now struggling to understand how best to do so'
https://newfrontierdata.com/marijuana-insights/17-million-potential-cannabis-patients-in-latin-america/
There seems to be a pattern where states and nations with the most restrictive anti-cannabis laws are the ones facing serious drug related health and social crises from opioids, synthetic cannabinoids, meth-amphetamine, prescription drug overuse, etc. When legalization of cannabis has not destroyed society in places where it has been implemented, why are these restrictive places not willing to try the legalization of cannabis as a harm reduction alternative measure? Is it because of a lack of awareness of the pros and cons of the various drugs or is there a deeper malaise in the form of networks benefiting from the situation, networks that have individuals in various key decision making capacities at various levels of society? What do these restrictive societies stand to lose from cannabis legalization and specifically who are the people who stand to lose?
States and countries that have legalized marijuana appear more open to reforming outdated policies and seem to have a more evolved mindset. They exhibit more religious, social and cultural acceptance and tolerance compared to the states and countries that are yet to legalize.
'A study recently published in the journal Contemporary Drug Problems offers some answers. Researchers looked at each state’s marijuana laws and analyzed their political, demographic, economic and social characteristics to identify various trends associated with legalization.
Specifically, they wanted to know whether there were statistically significant differences among states that were early or late adopters of medical cannabis laws or adult-use legalization as compared to non-legal states. The results indicate that differences do exist, often in ways that might not be apparent at first glance.'
https://www.marijuanamoment.net/states-with-more-immigrants-are-more-likely-to-legalize-marijuana-study-finds/
'The graphic novelist Box Brown looks at the government report that anticipated our current debates about the legalization of weed.'
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/29/books/review/nixon-report-marijuana-legalization.html
Studies conducted at the state level show that expanding access to medical marijuana is correlated with lower rates of opioid misuse and overdose. Yet studies of individuals show that using medical cannabis is correlated with higher rates of using and misusing opioids. This set of conflicting research has revealed less about the relationship between marijuana and opioids than it has about how science is misunderstood and misused in political debates.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2018/04/20/does-medical-marijuana-decrease-opioid-use-or-boost-it/
'The Commission examines the scientific evidence of the impact of drug-control policies on public health. It concludes that drug policies intended to protect people, but based on prohibition and criminalisation, have had detrimental effects on public health in multiple ways and have undermined people's right to health.'
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(16)30115-5/fulltext
Was the system of drug and alcohol controls established worth it is a question to ponder over today..the number of deaths from the subsequent wars makes one think that gun and war control instead of drug control would have resulted in lesser casualties and damage worldwide. State interference in an individual's personal health choices in the name of society's well being sometimes hides the politician and businessman's real agenda of acquiring more resources, wealth and power..
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(14)62234-0/fulltext
“Fix broken societies”, he says, “and you would fix most of the world's drug problems”. Instead of doing this “politicians have essentially used drugs as a scapegoat to dodge their responsibilities to social improvement”, contends Hart. “If you have the simplistic view that drugs are the problem, you don't have to think anymore. You don't have to think about racial segregation, or certain groups being unfairly targeted.”
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(14)60778-9/fulltext
'It is time to accept that for many people the use of drugs plays an important and functional part in their lives. For many, the risk related to their use lies within inherent personal and social vulnerabilities and the way they use the drug. Given current laws, policies to reduce harm from drug use need to be pragmatic and receptive to the evidence. Governments need to promote honest conversations about drug use and harm and avoid selectively listening to evidence that supports pre-existing ideological or political positions.'
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(18)31075-4/fulltext
'What is clear from Berridge's historical analysis is that logic and evidence of harm play only a minor part compared with political and business interests and how fashionable drugs are in different elements of society. This explains why some drugs, notably alcohol and tobacco, are still legal when less harmful substances such as cannabis are forcibly controlled. Berridge argues that in reality the only significant “scientific” impact on the whole field has been in the purification of drugs such as cocaine and opioids. Much more important has been the development of technologies that make drugs more rapidly active or easily available, such as the hypodermic syringe and the mass production of cigarettes through machine rolling.'
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(14)60138-0/fulltext
'During the 1980s, there was a slow expansion in bilateral “cooperation” on the drug issue focused on marijuana eradication; meanwhile, Colombia became the world’s main cocaine producer and trafficker. Between 1989 and 1998, deep institutionalization occurred with the adoption of the United States Omnibus Anti-Drug Abuse Act (this altered and expanded the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 between the countries). After permitting a range of U.S.-sponsored antidrug measures, in 1998 counterinsurgency policies were incorporated, as there was strong evidence to show the involvement of revolutionary groups such as FARC in the trade. Colombia now produces more than 50% of the heroin sold in the United States, and the drug business still incorporates illegal drug manufacturing, smuggling, international marketing, and drug money and asset laundering (Crandall, 2008; Guáqueta, 2005; Mann, 2002; Thoumi, 2005).'
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2158244015596792
'Another reason support for marijuana may be here to stay is that it seems that these opinions have become part of a larger belief that control of one’s own body is a human right. While marijuana concerns what one puts into one’s body, other important social issues concern the body as well: abortion (who controls women’s bodies?), euthanasia (should people be allowed to let their own bodies die?), and sex (should we legislate what people do with their bodies in their own bedrooms?). '
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1536504214558223
http://yourshot.nationalgeographic.com/tags/marijuana_march/
Legalize homegrowing of marijuana worldwide so that at a minimum one plant can be grown per adult individual per year for personal consumption as a human right...no licenses, no permits...all these things can be put in place for persons wanting to do business through the plant...as I write this I can't help but think how bizarre the current situation is that governments worldwide have put people into...imagine having to take government permission to grow a turmeric plant or to have sex...Fornication Under Consent of the King...
'With the proposed rule changes, the European Parliament aims to unify laws inside each member country and create a global policy. The proposal reflects an understanding of the increasing interest in medical cannabis and how a regulated industry could benefit member nations. The proposal specifically aims to curb the illicit marijuana market, control points of sale, add barriers to underage use, and provide safe access for medical patients.'
https://www.marijuana.com/news/2018/09/european-parliament-working-to-make-medical-marijuana-available-on-the-continent/
Governments the world over continue to keep the ganja away from people and instead offer tobacco, alcohol and prescription drugs as alternatives while they pursue war games and economic power for themselves...
The politician has a very long way to go before he gets to represent me. First he needs to display goal oriented behavior and results in the following key performance areas (not in any particular order and not exhaustive) before I even consider making him my representative
- disarmament
- ganja legalization
- environmental protection
- sustainable economics
- harmony and peace with all neighbours
- simplicity and honesty in personal life
- legal reforms
- equality and right of freedom of the individual
- political reforms and accountability
- 10% budget allocation each to education, health, sports, arts
Eight month study shows legalisation policies do not result in wider use, and the US should be watched with interest. Eleven countries studied, one inescapable conclusion – the drug laws don’t work
A good way to get a country to legalize ganja would be for its immediate neighbor to legalize. There is usually such competition between neighboring countries that the idea that one's immediate neighbor may stand to gain immensely from legalization could be a very good motivation for one's own country to legalize. Keeping up with the Joneses i mean the Mary Janes..Canada/USA, Australia/New Zealand, England/Germany, Israel/Iran, China/Japan, North Korea/South Korea...hey Pakistan, I think you guys should legalize because that would surely wake up India too...it's the
perfect healthy competition and a win-win for all...gun competition is so uncool...not to mention fatal for the majority...
“There's a considerable disconnect between public understanding of how the process works, and how political decisions may have an effect on them,” Shackelford says. “The work I can do in Israel, it could take years to do that here in the US, and neither I nor my patients have that kind of time. The public loses out on medicines that could alleviate or even cure their illnesses because of politicians who have stances out of step with reality. This isn’t something we discovered in the Amazon a month and a half ago; cannabis has been a mainstay of Western medicine from the beginning.” Young people in the US overwhelmingly support legalized marijuana and may force the issue as their electoral clout grows in the years to come. Anecdotal evidence grows daily about both the scope of cannabis production — free market economics driving increases in quality and variety — and its effectiveness against various ailments, further reinforcing public support for the plant.
And this is before considering the environmental benefits of hemp for industrial and consumer purposes, also the subject of global research but facing roadblocks in the US.
India is ranked something like 130th in the Human Capital Index...
“There is a correlation between the countries that most disagree with the legalization of marijuana and their level of human development. The most conservative, such as Bolivia, Peru and El Salvador have a lower level of development. They are also countries where illegal drug trafficking is a big problem. The more liberal nations, such as Uruguay and Chile, reached a better level,” according to the researchers.
Tata, Birla, Ambani, Adani, Murthy???
"The administration would be better suited working with members of Congress to reform outdated sentencing laws," the statement reads. "However well-intentioned these laws were upon implementation, they have ruined lives, torn apart families and communities, and have burdened taxpayers, doing little to keep people safe."
'Drug policy reform isn’t likely to end with marijuana legalization—and if you’re wondering what the next step in the broader movement could be, it’s worth looking into psilocybin, the active ingredient in “magic mushrooms.”'
https://www.marijuanamoment.net/legalizing-psilocybin-could-be-the-next-frontier-in-drug-policy-reform-after-marijuana/
'To me, the simpler the approach to ganja legalization, the better it is. The simplest approach would be for lawmakers to say that ganja is now legal, law enforcers to release the persons imprisoned for it, stop directing legal resources towards it, let the plant grow naturally, let people experiment with it and re-establish their relationship with it. No curbs, restrictions, regulations. Like a river whose dams are removed, let the plant take its natural course. Everything will balance out in the best possible way as it should in the course of time.
'Michigan and New Jersey are on track to become the latest states to legalize recreational marijuana, potentially bringing in millions of dollars in tax revenue. Still, some lawmakers and advocates say the states are leaving money on the table.'
https://www.cnbc.com/2018/11/30/michigan-nj-turn-to-marijuana-for-tax-revenue-but-theyre-not-charging-enough.html
'There’s broad support among many lawmakers for legalization, but figuring out the details of the regulations and tax rules for the drug will be challenging. This is fourth hearing on the topic held by the Assembly.'
https://apnews.com/8473622686ff4861952ec713850acc82
'True to 2018 form, many lawmakers broadcast their views on the issue on Twitter. Here are some of the year’s best marijuana-related tweets from the people who are actually responsible for setting cannabis policy:'
https://www.marijuanamoment.net/15-of-the-best-marijuana-related-tweets-from-politicians-in-2018/
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